Percorrer por autor "Fonseca, Manuel José"
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- Monitoring of outdoor tourism demand. North of PortugalPublication . Martins, Oliva M. D.; Nunes, Alcina; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Veloso, Cláudia M.; Santos, Sónia; Correia, Alexandra I.; Fonseca, Manuel José; Silva, Goretti; Rachão, Susana; Vieira, Elvira Pacheco; Carrança, Paulo; Fernandes, Paula OdeteThe Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was used in order to understand the tourism competitiveness of the different sub-regions that make up the North Region of Portugal. This index is a measure which helps to analyse market concentration and at the same time determines the competitiveness of the market.
- Outdoor solutions for the seasonal concentration of tourism demand in Northern Portugal: an integrated approach based on the Gini IndexPublication . Fernandes, Paula; Nunes, Alcina; Veloso, Cláudia; Santos, Eleonora; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Fonseca, Manuel JoséMeasures that address the seasonality allow making a critical reflection on the application of control policies and monitoring regional measures crucial on a sector with such importance at the regional development analysis. The measures should stimulate or reduce tourism demand during low or peak seasons, respectively. Therefore, the current chapter focus on the development of a Gini Index to analyse the distribution of the seasonality in the Northern Portugal and through it control current public measures in practice and suggest the implementation of different and more effective policy measures. It will be used the Gini Index, by the tourists’ market of origin measured by the Overnight stays in hotel establishments. To understand the tourism flows the analyses will be focused on the matrix of interregional tourism flows and on the graphical technique. The results showed the high seasonal concentration of tourist flows.
- Spatial and temporal concentration of tourism demand in Northern Portugal: regional policy recommendations to promote tourism competition and portfolio diversityPublication . Fernandes, Paula Odete; Santos, Eleonora; Nunes, Alcina Maria; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Veloso, Cláudia Miranda; Fonseca, Manuel JoséThe northern region of Portugal, in the last years, has experienced a growing number of visitors from different countries, which may indicate the emergence of an overtourism phenomenon in some particular municipalities or specific spaces. This phenomenon may cause significant destruction of the living conditions of residents, landscapes, seascapes, air and water quality, causing economic inequalities and social exclusion. The concentration of tourism activity in different municipality regions can be measured with a well know concentration measured, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. Using as variables the number and nationality of visitors and their expenditures it is possible to follow the concentration of tourism visitors and expenditure, all over the 8 NUTIII regions located in the Northen of Portugal, and describe the routes of distribution of the tourism indicators from urban to rural areas following a more nature-oriented tourism. The results serve as a dipping compass for more oriented and well-targeted tourism policies.
- Spatial and temporal concentration of tourism supply and demand in Northern Portugal. Application of the Herfindahl-Hirschman indexPublication . Fernandes, Paula Odete; Nunes, Alcina Maria; Veloso, Cláudia Miranda; Santos, Eleonora; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Fonseca, Manuel JoséThe northern region of Portugal, in the last years, has experienced the enhancement of tourism demand, which may induce the emergence of an over tourism phenomenon in some particular subregions of the North of Portugal. This phenomenon may cause significant destruction of the living conditions of residents, landscapes, seascapes, air and water quality, causing economic inequalities and social exclusion. The aim of this research paper is to understand if the phenomena of over tourism is present in the North of Portugal and if it changed overtime. The concentration of tourism activity in different municipality subregions can be measured with the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index a well know economic concentration measure. Using as variables the number guest and their expenditure in accommodation, to measure the demand, and the number of establishments, bedrooms and lodging capacity to measure the supply was possible to follow the concentration of tourism demand and supply in the 8 NUTIII regions located in the North of Portugal. The results showed that a specific subregion–Area Metropolitan do Porto–concentrates both the tourism demand and supply in the years 2014 and 2017, despite the increasing values found for all the variables in the 8 subregions. When it is observed a decrease in the levels of concentration are the subregions near by the most concentrate one that increase the share of tourism demand and supply. More rural and less populated areas need more targeted and specific policies measures to attract even more visitors.
- Supply-side perspectives on outdoor tourism in the North of PortugalPublication . Martins, Oliva M. D.; Fernandes, Paula Odete; Nunes, Alcina; Rachão, Susana; Correia, Alexandra Isabela; Vieira, Elvira; Fonseca, Manuel José; Silva, Goretti; Santos, S.; Veloso, Cláudia; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Carrança, PauloNowadays, the tourism sector presents many opportunities and challenges. Outdoor Tourism (OT), due to the unusual situation experienced by the pandemic caused by COVID-19, maybe one of the main opportunities to promote the local development of tourist destinations. Most of the literature developed in this context has focused the demand side. Therefore, the investigation intended to fill this gap, considering the perspective of the supply side, taking into account a vision of sustainable development. To meet this gap, the main objective is to contribute to the characterization of Outdoor Tourism (OT) in the North of Portugal, and understand the potential of OT in the perspective of supply., thirty-eight tourist entertainment companies (TEC) were interviewed to assess supply and perceived customers’ motivations. Of the seven Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistical Purposes (NUTS), the Northern region was considered to be an area with enormous potential for Nature-related tourist). For the supply side, seasonality and climate were identified as important factors supporting environment preservation. Radical experiences, adventure and getting out of the routine were identified as motivating demand factors, as well as the contact with Nature and the landscape. We have also observed that if we consider the stimulation of the local economy by OT, there is still a lot to do. The evidence pointed to some social imbalance, namely related to employability. Employees were hired according to the evolution of demand, which favours unemployment and social instability. Also, the tourists/costumers are the main channels of communication of the activities; the word-of- mouth (WOM) of costumers’ experiences, personally or through online social media, takes on a prominent role. In this sense, tourists’ online reviews, testimonies and word-of-mouth can be optimized through social networks and digital marketing. Finally, to evaluate the region's potential for the OT, the interviewees suggested integrating the players involved with the OT into a single network, supporting the activities and promoting the region.