Browsing by Author "Ferreira, Ana Filipa"
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- Potential pathogenic and opportunistic oral bacteria in early life: the role of maternal factors in a portuguese populationPublication . Fernandes, Mariana; Azevedo, Maria João; Campos, Carla; Ferreira, Ana Filipa; Azevedo, Álvaro; Falcão-Pires, Inês; Zaura, Egija; Ramalho, Carla; Campos, Joana; Sampaio-Maia, BeneditaIn early life, maternal factors are of the utmost relevance for oral microbiome acquisition and maturation. Therefore, our study explored the impact of maternal factors, such as saliva and breastmilk colonization, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), type of delivery, oral health, and caregiving habits on the prevalence of potential pathogenic and opportunistic oral bacteria in early life. A total of 26 healthy mothers, 23 mothers with CRF, and their 50 children were included and samples (child’s oral swabs, mother’s saliva, and breastmilk) were collected 4 to 12 weeks after delivery and inoculated in selective and differential media for detection of non-fastidious Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to isolate potential pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria identified by MALDI-TOF MS (414 isolates). Within mother–child dyads, the same species were identified in 86% of the pairs and potential pathogenic microorganisms from the Staphylococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families were found to be statistically significantly concordant between mother–child samples, particularly in the healthy group. Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia oral colonization in mother–child pairs were associated with the presence of CRF. Breastfeeding was related to the early life oral colonization of Staphylococcus epidermidis in children from healthy mothers and C-section was associated with higher diversity of pathogens, independent of cardiovascular status (p = 0.05). This study reveals the presence of potential oral opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria in early life and highlights the importance of maternal factors in its acquisition.
- Vertical transmission and antifungal susceptibility profile of yeast isolates from the oral cavity, gut, and breastmilk of mother–child pairs in early lifePublication . Azevedo, Maria João; Araújo, Ricardo; Campos, Joana; Campos, Carla; Ferreira, Ana Filipa; Falcão-Pires, Inês; Ramalho, Carla; Zaura, Egija; Pinto, Eugénia; Sampaio-Maia, BeneditaYeast acquisition begins at birth; however, the contribution of the mother on yeast trans mission to the offspring and associated resistance is yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the vertical transmission of yeasts and their antifungal susceptibility profile in early life. Oral, fecal, and breastmilk samples were collected from 73 mother–child pairs four to twelve weeks after delivery and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol. The isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The vertical transmission was studied by microsatellite genotyping. Antifungal susceptibility was determined for fluconazole, voriconazole, miconazole, anidulafungin, and nystatin by broth microdilution assay, following CLSI–M60 guidelines. A total of 129 isolates were identified from 53% mother–child pairs. We verified the vertical transmission of Candida albicans (n = three mother–child pairs) and Candida parapsilosis (n = one mother–child pair) strains, includ ing an antifungal resistant strain transmitted from breastmilk to the gut of a child. Most isolates were susceptible to the tested antifungals, with the exception of four C. albicans isolates and one R. mucilaginosa isolate. The vertical transmission of yeasts happens in early life. This is the first work that demonstrated the role of the mother as a source of transmission of antifungal-resistant yeasts to the child.