Browsing by Author "Almeida, A. F."
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- Effect of Temperature on the Gasification of Olive Bagasse ParticlesPublication . Almeida, A. F.; Vieira, M. S.; Neto, M. P.; Pereira, I. M.; Ribeiro, A. M.; Ribeiro, A. C.; Pilão, R. M.In this experimental study the evolution of gas characteristics during the gasification of olive bagasse particles was investigated using a semi-batch fluidized-bed gasifier. Sand particles with a mean diameter of 375 μm were used as bed material and an air flow was used as the fluidizing agent. Experimental tests were conducted with particles of diameter ranging from in 1.25 to 2 mm. The material was characterised through elemental and proximate analysis, and the higher heating value was also measured. In each run, the major components of the gas phase were identified as CO, CO2, H2, CH4, O2 and N2. Gaseous samples were collected and analysed by gas chromatography. The effect of bed temperature on gasification performance was studied. The tests were conducted at bed temperatures in the range of 700ºC to 900ºC Experimental results showed that gasification with air at higher temperatures favoured gas production, Results also showed increases in the gasification performance parameters as the bed temperature is increased.
- Slow pyrolysis of oil palm mesocarp fibres: Effect of operating temperaturePublication . Almeida, A. F.; Direito, D.; Pilão, Rosa Maria; Mayer, B.This study investigated the effect of temperature on the slow pyrolysis of oil palm mesocarp fibres. The biomass was characterized in terms of proximate and ultimate analysis, and its higher heating value (HHV) was 18.51 MJ/kg. For pyrolysis temperatures from 469 to 783°C, at a heating rate of 20°C/min, bio-char yield varied between 32.7% and 25.8%. Gas and liquid phases were analysed by gas chromatography and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), respectively. CO2 was the major gas produced for all temperatures (6.9 to 10.0mol/kg of biomass) and H2 concentration increased rapidly as the temperature rose (0.6 to 8.0 mol/kg of biomass). FTIR measurements show that the bio-oils contained alcohols, phenols, alkanes, alkenes, carboxylic acids, aldehydes and aromatic compounds. The HHV of both bio-chars (27.50 to 28.86 MJ/kg) and bio-oils (25.95 to 28.50 MJ/kg) were measured. Thermal decomposition of the fibres was also studied using thermogravimetric analysis.