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- Estratégias de sharding de based de dados: Um guia orientado a domínio para construir sistemas escalávéisPublication . ALVES, CARLOS MANUEL FONTÃO PINHEIRO; Sousa, Paulo Alexandre Gandra deIn the contemporary software landscape, the sheer surge in data generation underscores the necessity for scalable database architectures. Monolithic databases, while known for their robust consistency, often underperform when facing escalating workloads and growing user bases. Sharding—the partitioning of data across multiple nodes—has consequently become an essential architectural approach, facilitating horizontal scalability to meet these demands. This dissertation offers an exploratory, tutorial-oriented analysis of sharding, with attention to its implementation in both relational and non-relational databases. Rather than focusing on empirical performance testing, the study consolidates insights from existing research and practice to explain how sharding strategies can be designed and applied in different domains. Using PostgreSQL and MongoDB as reference technologies, the work outlines how sharding is implemented, the trade-offs it introduces, and the factors influencing the choice of shard key. The dissertation presents sharding as a group of design choices rather than just a technical mechanism. In doing so, it offers a structured framework intended for developers, architects, and researchers. It underscores the significance of aligning sharding approaches with the specific data access patterns of a given domain, while also recognizing the abstractions present in contemporary distributed database systems.