ISEP - DM - Engenharia de Sistemas Computacionais Críticos
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Browsing ISEP - DM - Engenharia de Sistemas Computacionais Críticos by advisor "Barros, António Manuel de Sousa"
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- Controlo e Monitorização do Ar InternoPublication . Silva, Jorge Manuel e; Barros, António Manuel de SousaMaintaining reliable and secure operation of an organization's servers is an arduous task that requires continuous monitoring and control of several factors. Controlling the operating environment of a server (e.g. temperature and humidity) is critical, as deviations from the equipment's nominal operating conditions can compromise the processes that depend on them, with a consequent negative impact on the organization. Idealizing and prototyping a final product is a laborious process, as its conditions vary from organization to organization. For each case, it is essential to think, idealize, plan and, finally, execute. This project's main objective is to monitor and control the environmental conditions present in a rack through sensors and actuators. The sampled data is integrated into an application that determines the actions that allow maintaining the best operating conditions and preventing/detecting the occurrence of accidents in order to minimize the possibility of loss of resources and critical data.
- Intelligent edge orchestration of real-time applicationsPublication . Calai, Rafael; Barros, António Manuel de SousaWith the rapid development of embedded systems, new communication technologies, and distributed systems, the complexity of critical system development has increased. In the past, these systems typically only performed the function of controlling a specific process, without the need for communication or being components of a complex system centralizing data processing for decision-making. Nowadays, these critical systems have more tasks and are much more integrated, aiming to provide new functionalities to users, reduce costs, and enhance the security and availability of essential services. This scenario has brought new challenges to the development of such systems, including increased computational needs, new communication methods, ensuring cybersecurity, and meeting real-time requirements in distributed systems. The central theme of the thesis will focus on the challenge associated with ensuring real-time requirements in distributed systems.To address this issue, we propose a scheduling algorithm for Docker Swarm, built on top of RT-Linux. This algorithm is designed to ensure that each process meets its temporal constraints by prioritising allocation according to their respective priorities and the resources available.
- Real-time quality index estimation for redundant sampled values streams in digital substationsPublication . Oriente, Everton Matheus; Barros, António Manuel de SousaProtection devices are essential elements in the electric power grid, as they safeguard equipment and ensure the stability and reliability of the network by detecting faults and preventing damage through timely isolation of affected areas. With technological advancements, electromechanical protection relays have evolved into Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), essentially protection relays with built-in communication capabilities. These modern relays not only protect equipment but also exchange critical information with other devices. However, the variety of events and data exchanged between power grid components is substantial. In this respect, communication protocols present both advantages and challenges. On one hand, they enable the signalling of diverse events and the transmission of multiple pieces of information over a single medium. On the other hand, a protocol is only effective if all components within the system comply with it. The introduction of the IEC-61850 standard has established a unified communication across the energy sector, promotes interoperability between manufacturers, offering significant advantages over other standards. Real-time data exchange is facilitated by specific protocols within the IEC 61850 framework, which specifically address the communication requirements of IEDs, ensuring enhanced data quality and availability. As IEDs play a crucial role in substations, with many of their functions being both critical and time-sensitive, any developments incorporated into these devices can significantly impact the entire system. An IED analyses the stream of Sampled Values (SVs) sent by a Merging Unit to detect faults and implement protective measures. The Merging Unit sends SVs over two independent channels: the primary and the secondary (redundant) channels. When the primary channel fails, the secondary channel takes over, ensuring the information that the primary channel could not transmit is conveyed. As such, the current decision-making process for switching channels is based solely on the occurrence of a total channel failure. This thesis aims to enhance IED functionality by adding intelligence to this channel selection method. It proposes ways to evaluate, quantify, and qualify the received information to determine the most reliable signal source, whether from Channel 1 (primary) or Channel 2 (secondary). This approach ensures that protection relays receive better information, enabling protection algorithms to act correctly and promptly within their operating parameters.