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Authors
Abstract(s)
A evolução da indústria, com o passar dos anos tem-se revelado cada vez mais exigente, sempre com o intuito de ir mais além, aumentado cada vez mais a sua produção de forma a fazer face à procura existente. O conceito de produzir e otimizar processos revela-se uma realidade cada vez mais entranhada na indústria, tendo como objetivo uma redução nos preços de produção, acabando por se refletir nos preços finais dos produtos manufaturados, gerando uma grande competitividade. Face às ideologias, os equipamentos presentes nos processos produtivos são cada vez mais solicitados de forma a dar resposta às necessidades produtivas, perante esta situação em muitos dos casos, é necessário realizar-se aumentos de potência de modo a alcançar os objetivos delineados, no entanto, determinados equipamentos já não apresentam capacidades para suportar essas exigências. Atendendo aos elevados custos de aquisição de equipamentos e máquinas industriais, em alternativa é ponderada a realização de engenharia inversa dos equipamentos e máquinas de modo a reduzir os custos de otimização dos sistemas produtivos. O presente projeto é desenvolvido com base nestas exigências, trata-se de uma caixa redutora industrial com cerca de cinco décadas em serviço, que devido aos sucessivos aumentos de potência, é pretendido que este redutor possua um conjunto de engrenagens com um coeficiente de segurança de 2,5 face a potência atual do motor elétrico que aciona o mesmo. Ao tratar-se de um projeto de otimização, encontram-se delineadas restrições devido a determinados elementos que não podem ser alterados, tais como carcaça, o que por sua vez, não permite que se altere as dimensões dos rolamentos nem dos entre-eixos. Face à função da caixa redutora, é necessário que a relação de transmissão seja semelhante, não comprometendo o processo produtivo. O lubrificante utilizado no redutor não pode sofrer alterações, sendo este igual para todas as caixas redutoras da linha de produção e encontrando-se todos ligados a uma central hidráulica. Com base nas limitações impostas, o presente projeto consiste em compreender qual o coeficiente de segurança inerente aos elementos que compõem a caixa redutora de forma a otimizar os mesmos, com o intuito de alcançar os objetivos pretendidos.
Over the years the evolution of the industry has proved to be increasingly demanding, always with the intention of going further, increasing its production in order to meet existing demand. The concept of producing and optimizing processes proves to be a growing reality ingrained in the industry, aiming at a reduction in production prices, eventually reflecting on the final prices of manufactured products, generating great competitiveness. Facing ideologies, the equipment present in the production processes are more and more requested in order to respond to productive needs, in this situation, in many cases, it is necessary to perform power increases in order to achieve the objectives outlined, however, certain equipment are no longer capable of supporting these requirements. Given the high costs of acquiring industrial equipment and machinery, it is considered as an alternative, the realization of reverse engineering of equipment and machines in order the costs of optimizing productive systems. The present project is developed based on these requirements - it is an industrial gearbox with five decades in service, which due to successive power increases it is intended that this gearbox has a set of gears with a safety coefficient of 2.5 compared to the current power of the electric motor that drives this same one. Being an optimization project, the restrictions are outlined due to certain elements that cannot be changed, such as the housing which does not allow the dimensions of the bearings to be changed or the center between them. Given the function of the gearbox it is necessary to have a similar gear ratio so that it does not compromise the productive process. The lubricant used in the gearbox cannot be changed which applies for all the gearboxes in the production line, being all of them connected to a hydraulic plant. Based on the limitations imposed this project consists on understanding the inherent safety coefficient to the elements that make up the gearbox in order to optimize and be able to achieve the intended goals.
Over the years the evolution of the industry has proved to be increasingly demanding, always with the intention of going further, increasing its production in order to meet existing demand. The concept of producing and optimizing processes proves to be a growing reality ingrained in the industry, aiming at a reduction in production prices, eventually reflecting on the final prices of manufactured products, generating great competitiveness. Facing ideologies, the equipment present in the production processes are more and more requested in order to respond to productive needs, in this situation, in many cases, it is necessary to perform power increases in order to achieve the objectives outlined, however, certain equipment are no longer capable of supporting these requirements. Given the high costs of acquiring industrial equipment and machinery, it is considered as an alternative, the realization of reverse engineering of equipment and machines in order the costs of optimizing productive systems. The present project is developed based on these requirements - it is an industrial gearbox with five decades in service, which due to successive power increases it is intended that this gearbox has a set of gears with a safety coefficient of 2.5 compared to the current power of the electric motor that drives this same one. Being an optimization project, the restrictions are outlined due to certain elements that cannot be changed, such as the housing which does not allow the dimensions of the bearings to be changed or the center between them. Given the function of the gearbox it is necessary to have a similar gear ratio so that it does not compromise the productive process. The lubricant used in the gearbox cannot be changed which applies for all the gearboxes in the production line, being all of them connected to a hydraulic plant. Based on the limitations imposed this project consists on understanding the inherent safety coefficient to the elements that make up the gearbox in order to optimize and be able to achieve the intended goals.
Description
Keywords
Engrenagem Rolamento Veio Caixa multiplicadora Otimização Start’s Gear Bearing Shaft Gearbox Optimization