ESS - CIR - Posters apresentados em eventos científicos
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- The effect of immersive reminiscence therapy on anxiety and depression in people with dementia: a pilot randomized controlled trial using virtual reality headsetsPublication . Soares, Maria; Coelho, Tiago; Portugal, Paula; Coelho, TiagoThis study aims to analyze the effect of reminiscence therapy using immersive virtual reality technology, in comparison with conventional reminiscence therapy, on anxiety and depressive symptoms of people with dementia. This pilot study followed a randomized controlled trial design. A convenience sample of 16 people with dementia was randomly divided in experimental and control groups. Due to health-related factors, 2 participants abandoned the study before completing the intervention. Intervention consisted of 8 biweekly individual reminiscence sessions conducted by trained researchers, in which participants in the experimental group viewed 360o videos of locations with personal relevance considering their life narratives, using virtual reality headsets to promote an immersive experience. Intervention in the control group was similar, except the videos were displayed in a computer monitor. The assessment was carried out before and after the intervention, using the Geriatric Depression Scale (15 items) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (7 items). Intervention and control groups were compared regarding sociodemographic variables and level of dementia progression at baseline. No statistically significant differences were found. Regarding the comparison of anxiety and depressive symptoms pre- and post-intervention, a slight decrease was observed in both groups, although statistical significance was not reached (p>0.05). The results of the present study do not illustrate an added value regarding the use of immersive stimuli with virtual reality technology, in reminiscence therapy programs with people with dementia. Further research is warranted to better ascertain the cost effectiveness of using these technologies in the nonpharmacological treatment of people with dementia.
- Target selection criteria for intervention in speech sound disorders: the practice of portuguese SLTsPublication . Costa, Sofia; Patrício, Brígida; Baptista, Ana Catarina; Rodrigues, Susana; Patrício, BrígidaSpeech Sound Disorder (SSD) is one of the most prevalent diagnoses in early childhood. Children with SSD represent a heterogeneous group, which poses great challenges to the Speech and Language Therapist (SLT) when planning therapeutic intervention. Recently, the importance of combining traditional and new selection criteria to respond more effectively to children with SSD has been addressed. The traditional criteria present little or no scientific evidence and are based on the intuition and experience of the SLT. The newer criteria are guided by scientific evidence, based on linguistic aspects. This study aims to identify the target selection criteria used by Portuguese SLT with children with SSD. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Portugal. The questionnaire used was adapted from the study of Brumbaugh and Smit (2013). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. There were 128 respondents. The majority (96.1%) were females and over 70% of the respondents held a Bachelor’s degree and almost 40% finished their degree more than 15 years ago. Around 69% of them have specialized training in SSD. The most used target selection criteria are:“Phonological awareness in addition to intervening in speech sounds” (85.5%); “Phonological awareness to improve speech production” (84.4%); “Target sounds that are stimulable” (77.3%); “Intervention targets taking into account the child’s oromotor planning skills” (77%); “Target sounds with the greatest impact on intelligibility” (72.4%) and “Target sounds taking into account the order of acquisition expected in development” (71.1%). Despite the scientific evidence of the newer criteria and specialized training in SSD of the respondents of this study, the traditional criteria continue to be among the most used by Portuguese SLT. To guarantee the intervention's efficiency, SLT should focus more on using the new selection criteria into their practices to promote a better change in the children's phonological system. SSD; Intervention; Target Selection Criteria
- Portuguese speech and language therapists’ practices: services delivery for children with speech sound disordersPublication . Costa, Sofia; Patrício, Brígida; Baptista, Ana Catarina; Rodrigues, Susana; Patrício, BrígidaFactors such as session frequency and format (individual and/or group) can impact the efficacy of therapeutic interventions for children with speech sound disorders (SSD). Although research on this topic is limited, it is important to understand the current practices of Speech and Language Therapists (SLTs) and compare them to existing studies on services delivery for SSD.
- Therapy approaches for children with SSD: current practice of SLTs working in PortugalPublication . Costa, Sofia; Patrício, Brígida; Baptista, A. C.; Rodrigues, S.; Patrício, BrígidaSpeech Sound Disorders (SSD) are the most common communication difficulties among preschool children . Recently, SLTs' role in managing SSD has garnered significant attention, leading to the development of various therapeutic approaches, from traditional articulation therapy to contemporary phonological and motor-based interventions. The choice of approach depends on the child's specific needs, disorder severity, and the therapist's expertise and should be guided by evidence-based practice (EBP). It is crucial to understand which intervention approaches are currently most prevalent.
- Dissociating self reported interoceptive accuracy and attention: Evidence from a Portuguese community samplePublication . Campos, Carlos; Rocha, Nuno; Barbosa, FernandoThe 2x2 factorial model has been recently proposed as a promising framework to measure individual differences in interoception. The first factor addresses which domain is being measured (interoceptive accuracy vs. attention), while the second distinguishes how it is being measured (self-report beliefs vs. objective performance). The current study examined the association between self-reported interoceptive accuracy and attention. We hypothesized no linear association between these constructs, although a quadratic U-shaped association was expected. Furthermore, alexithymia should be differentially related to interoceptive accuracy and attention. An online community sample (*n *= 515) completed the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS), the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ) *ndexing self-reported interoceptive attention, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). Pearson correlations, Steiger’s Z-test, polynomial regression analysis, and two-lines testing were used for statistical analysis. IAS was positively correlated with BPQ, r = .204, p < .001. In the polynomial regression analysis, the linear model indicated a positive association between IAS and BPQ (4.2%), but the quadratic term explained an additional 12.7% of the variance. Two-lines testing indicated a U-shaped association between self-report interoceptive accuracy and attention. IAS was negatively correlated with TAS, r = -.291, p < .001, while there was no significant association between BPQ and TAS, r = -.030, p = .500, as these correlations were statistically different. These results suggest that interoceptive accuracy and attention can be dissociated using self-report measures and may display a quadratic U-shaped association, providing further evidence for the 2x2 factorial model. Future studies should explore the non-linear relationship between interoceptive accuracy and attention using alternative questionnaires and performance-based measures.
- The psychopathic heart: empathy, interoception, and psychopathy traits in adolescentsPublication . Marinho, Elisabete; Alves, Isabel; Pereira, Mariana R.; Rocha, Nuno; Barbosa, Fernando; Campos, CarlosThe link between empathy and psychopathy phenotypes (grandiose-manipulative, callous-unemotional and impulsive-irresponsible) as well as its underlying mechanisms, are far from being consensual, especially in developmental samples. To explore the differential associations between psychopathy phenotypes, empathy domains (cognitive and affective), and interoception in a community sample of adolescents. 64 adolescents (14.95 years; 42.2% males) completed an online survey that assessed psychopathy phenotypes (Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory), cognitive and affective empathy (Basic Empathy Scale), and interoceptive accuracy (Interoceptive Accuracy Scale) as well as alexithymia for control purposes (Toronto Alexithymia Scale). Zero-order correlations, t-tests, and hierarchical linear regressions were employed for statistical analysis. Callous-unemotional traits were negatively correlated with both empathy domains, while impulsive-irresponsible traits were only negatively correlated to cognitive empathy, despite these associations being marginally significant in multivariate analysis. Grandiose-manipulative traits were not related to either empathy domain. There were no associations between interoceptive accuracy and psychopathy phenotypes after controlling for age, sex, and alexithymia. Empathy domains seem to be differentially related to psychopathy phenotypes in adolescents. The contributing role of interoception in this association should be further explored using larger sample sizes and alternative measures.
- Self-other distinction and individual differences in interoception, empathy, and alexithymiaPublication . Campos, Carlos; Silva, Cláudia; Rocha, Nuno; Barbosa, FernandoTheoretical models have argued for a complex interaction between self-other distinction, interoception, and social cognition, despite inconsistent evidence. To examine the associations between self-other distinction and individual differences in interoception, empathy, and alexithymia. 51 college students (21.82 years; 47.1% male) completed the Imitation-Inhibition Task to assess self-other distinction and an online survey with questionnaires to evaluate empathy (Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy), alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale), interoceptive attention (Body Perception Questionnaire - BPQ) and accuracy (Interoceptive Accuracy Scale). Zero-order correlations, t-tests, and hierarchical linear regressions were implemented for statistical analysis (preregistered at https://osf.io/w4qt6). Self-other distinction (indexed by imitation-inhibition scores) was marginally related to affective empathy, although this association was not significant when controlling for sex (male subjects displayed enhanced self-other distinction and worst affective empathy) and baseline reaction times. Imitation-inhibition was not associated with any other variable of interest. Findings regarding interoceptive attention should be interpreted with caution as only 18 subjects correctly interpreted the BPQ. Despite the reduced sample size, the current findings suggest that self-other distinction, as measured by the Imitation-Inhibition Task, is not associated with individual differences in interoception, empathy, or alexithymia.
- Carrying backpack: motor tasks and kinematic assessment tools on schoolchildren - scope reviewPublication . Lima, Joana; Rodrigues, Cláudia; Campinho, Kátia; Pinho, Francisco; Pinho, Liliana; Silva, SandraThe schoolbag with two straps, usually known as backpack represents the most used and well-known method of carrying school material among children and most young people. The amount and weight of load they carry has become an increasing concern for parents, teachers and researchers, once students spend a significant part of their day carrying this overweight on their backs.
- Alternatives to the traditional backpack: a scope review about proposal modelsPublication . Silva, Sandra; Gonçalves, Nadine; Morais, Sara; Salgado, Ana; Pinho, Liliana; Pinho, FranciscoThe backpack, when used correctly, is the healthiest and most frequent way of transporting material, by schoolchildren. However, represents a considerable external perturbation that can lead to postural changes.
- Feedforward postural adjustments before single leg droplanding in subjects with chronic ankle unstabilityPublication . Sousa, Andreia; Sarmento, Leonor; Gouveia, Ana; Ribeiro, Rui; Nunes, Ana RitaChronic ankle instability (CAI) involves deregulation of feedforward postural control. But the analysis of feedforward mechanisms, including early and anticipatory postural adjustments, in tasks close to the mechanisms of injury is still missing.