Siddi, SaraOchoa, SusanaLaroi, FrankCella, MatteoRaballo, AndreaSaldivia, SandraQuijada, YanetLaloyaux, JulienRocha, NunoLincoln, Tania MSchlier, BjörnNtouros, EvangelosBozikas, Vasileios PGawęda, ŁukaszMachado, SergioNardi, Antonio ERodante, DemiánDeshpande, Smita NHaro, Josep MariaPreti, Antonio2019-02-262020-02-262019-02Siddi, S., Ochoa, S., Laroi, F., Cella, M., Raballo, A., Saldivia, S., Quijada, Y., Laloyaux, J., Rocha, N. B., Lincoln, T. M., Schlier, B., Ntouros, E., Bozikas, V. P., Gawęda, Ł., Machado, S., Nardi, A. E., Rodante, D., Deshpande, S. N., Haro, J. M., & Preti, A. (2019). A cross-national investigation of hallucination-like experiences in 10 countries: The E-CLECTIC study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 45(Supplement_1), S43–S55. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby1560586-7614http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/12915Hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) are typically defined as sensory perceptions in the absence of external stimuli. Multidimensional tools, able to assess different facets of HLEs, are helpful for a better characterization of hallucination proneness and to investigate the cross-national variation in the frequencies of HLEs. The current study set out to establish the validity, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale-Extended (LSHS-E), a tool to assess HLEs. A total of 4419 respondents from 10 countries were enrolled. Network analyses between the LSHS-E and the 3 dimensions of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) were performed to assess convergent and divergent validity of the LSHS-E. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test its measurement invariance. The best fit was a 4-factor model, which proved invariant by country and clinical status, indicating cross-national stability of the hallucination-proneness construct. Among the different components of hallucination-proneness, auditory-visual HLEs had the strongest association with the positive dimension of the CAPE, compared with the depression and negative dimensions. Participants who reported a diagnosis of a mental disorder scored higher on the 4 LSHS-E factors. Small effect size differences by country were found in the scores of the 4 LSHS-E factors even after taking into account the role of socio-demographic and clinical variables. Due to its good psychometric properties, the LSHS-E is a strong candidate tool for large investigations of HLEs.engjournal article10.1093/schbul/sby156