Perspetivas desencontradas sobre a Guerra Fria em manuais de História

Abstract

O artigo desenvolve um estudo comparativo sobre as representações da Guerra Fria na Europa Ocidental, Europa Nórdica e Europa de Leste, entre os anos de 1980 e de 1990. A investigação foi desenvolvida através da análise de Manuais Escolares de História e,sempre que possível, dos Programas Escolares.Procedemos a uma investigação eminentemente qualitativa de análise de conteúdo a partir do texto informativo, documentos e propostas de experiências de aprendizagem presentes nos Manuais.

This paper develops a comparative study of teaching the Cold War theme in Western Europe, Northern Europe and Eastern Europe between the 1980s and 1990s, through the analysis of History Textbooks and, where possible, the Syllabus.Through this analysis, we carried out a thematic study of the contents of the Cold War, and a critical review of views on the Cold War period. For the theoretical framework, the nature of Historical Science and its impact on the teaching of history was considered; the process of formation of an historical consciousness; the importance of history in shaping the individual; an approach to the most recent studies of the Cold War and the state of the art of research in school textbooks. The research reveals how the development of content about the Cold War was evolving in divergent perspectives in various countries in Europe and with significant alterations between the decades of the 1980s and 1990s. Conclusions were drawn about the different uses of history, from cultural representations as well as historical and geopolitical of the referred to geographic areas of Europe