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Fast mobility support in low-power wireless networks: smart-HOP over RPL/6LoWPAN
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With the emergence of low-power wireless hardware new ways of communication
were needed. In order to standardize the communication between these low powered
devices the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) released the 6LoWPAN stand-
ard that acts as an additional layer for making the IPv6 link layer suitable for the
lower-power and lossy networks. In the same way, IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-
Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) has been proposed by the IETF Routing Over Low
power and Lossy networks (ROLL) Working Group as a standard routing protocol
for IPv6 routing in low-power wireless sensor networks. The research performed in
this thesis uses these technologies to implement a mobility process.
Mobility management is a fundamental yet challenging area in low-power wireless
networks. There are applications that require mobile nodes to exchange data with
a xed infrastructure with quality-of-service guarantees. A prime example of these
applications is the monitoring of patients in real-time. In these scenarios, broadcast-
ing data to all access points (APs) within range may not be a valid option due to
the energy consumption, data storage and complexity requirements. An alternative
and e cient option is to allow mobile nodes to perform hand-o s.
Hand-o mechanisms have been well studied in cellular and ad-hoc networks.
However, low-power wireless networks pose a new set of challenges. On one hand,
simpler radios and constrained resources ask for simpler hand-o schemes. On the
other hand, the shorter coverage and higher variability of low-power links require a
careful tuning of the hand-o parameters.
In this work, we tackle the problem of integrating smart-HOP within a standard
protocol, speci cally RPL. The simulation results in Cooja indicate that the pro-
posed scheme minimizes the hand-o delay and the total network overhead. The
standard RPL protocol is simply unable to provide a reliable mobility support sim-
ilar to other COTS technologies. Instead, they support joining and leaving of nodes,
with very low responsiveness in the existence of physical mobility.
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Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto