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Abstract(s)
Os Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGV) sĆ£o veĆculos de transporte sem condutor e a sua incorporaĆ§Ć£o nas empresas, para transporte de materiais e apoio Ć produĆ§Ć£o, estĆ” a ser cada vez mais frequente, pois cada vez mais se pretende ter eficĆ”cia e eficiĆŖncia na logĆstica das fĆ”bricas e na entrega da quantidade necessĆ”ria de materiais na produĆ§Ć£o, na altura certa e pela ordem correta, obtendo-se maiores lucros e rendimentos de produĆ§Ć£o nas indĆŗstrias. Recorrendo apenas a colaboradores e transportadores, como empilhadores, Ā“e provocado na fĆ”brica bastante trĆ”fego e muitas das vezes ocorrem velocidades elevadas dos transportadores. Isto pode causar problemas, tais como, danificaĆ§Ć£o de materiais (levando a desperdĆcio e Ć necessidade de produzir novos materiais) e acidentes. Recorrendo aos AGV Ć© possĆvel evitar estes problemas, uma vez que conseguem transportar os materiais com fiabilidade, trabalhar junto dos colaboradores em seguranƧa e, ainda, garantir uma cadĆŖncia de ritmo das suas tarefas.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi implementar e testar algoritmos de planeamento de trajetĆ³rias e escalonamento de tarefas para frotas de AGV. Neste sentido, foram criados layouts fabris onde os AGV percorrem caminhos com menor custo realizam as tarefas pretendidas. Os vĆ”rios modelos foram analisados e foram tambĆ©m apresentadas as caracterĆsticas de cada um.
Este projeto proporcionou a oportunidade de aprofundar conhecimentos na Ć”rea da modelaĆ§Ć£o e simulaĆ§Ć£o de AGV, e em algoritmos de planeamento de trajetĆ³rias e escalonamento de tarefas.
AGV are driverless vehicles for transportation and their incorporation in companies, for transportation of materials and production support, is becoming more frequent, because more and more is intended to have effectiveness and efficiency in the factory logistics and the delivery of the quantity of materials in production, at the right time and in the right order, resulting in higher profits and production yields for industrial companies. Thus, using only employees and transportation vehicles, such as forklifts, there is a lot of traffic in the factory floor and many times high vehicles speeds. This can cause problems, such as, damage to materials (leading to waste and the need to produce new materials) and accidents. Using AGV, is possible to avoid these problems, since they can transport the materials with reliability, work safely with the employees and still ensure a cadence of their tasks. The objective of this work was the development and testing of models that simulate factory layouts with AGV fleets. For that purpose were implemented planning and scheduling algorithms for controlling the displacement and task allocation for the different vehicles. The implemented models were analyzed and its main characteristics were also presented. This project provided the opportunity to deepen knowledge in the area of AGV modeling and simulation, and in trajectory planning and scheduling algorithms.
AGV are driverless vehicles for transportation and their incorporation in companies, for transportation of materials and production support, is becoming more frequent, because more and more is intended to have effectiveness and efficiency in the factory logistics and the delivery of the quantity of materials in production, at the right time and in the right order, resulting in higher profits and production yields for industrial companies. Thus, using only employees and transportation vehicles, such as forklifts, there is a lot of traffic in the factory floor and many times high vehicles speeds. This can cause problems, such as, damage to materials (leading to waste and the need to produce new materials) and accidents. Using AGV, is possible to avoid these problems, since they can transport the materials with reliability, work safely with the employees and still ensure a cadence of their tasks. The objective of this work was the development and testing of models that simulate factory layouts with AGV fleets. For that purpose were implemented planning and scheduling algorithms for controlling the displacement and task allocation for the different vehicles. The implemented models were analyzed and its main characteristics were also presented. This project provided the opportunity to deepen knowledge in the area of AGV modeling and simulation, and in trajectory planning and scheduling algorithms.
Description
Keywords
AGV SimulaĆ§Ć£o Algoritmos de planeamento de trajetĆ³rias Algoritmos de escalonamento de tarefas Simulation Trajectory planning algorithms Task scheduling algorithms